From Russia invasion of Ukraine began almost a year ago, the world has been broadly divided into three camps: countries allied with Ukraine, those impartial in the conflict, and nations that defended Russia.
Even though the United States and the states of the European Union have provided military While aid to Ukraine amounts to more than $100 billion, other countries have chosen to make their positions known by imposing sanctions on Russia or voting at the UN.
In the following series of infographics, Al Jazeera details the political, military and economic positions of different countries.
Political position
One way to know where a country stands politically is to look at how it votes in the United Nations.
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) includes 193 Member States and is the most representative body of the United Nations system. Each member state has the right to an equal vote when it comes to deciding on resolutions.
Resolutions adopted by the UNGA are non-binding, meaning they have no legal power. Rather, they are considered the expression of the will of the international community on a given subject.
After Russia invaded Ukraine, the UN convened its first emergency session in 25 years. The 193-member assembly has since passed four special resolutions addressing various concerns about Ukraine.
The map below summarizes how these countries voted for these four special resolutions.
Countries that voted in favor of all resolutions (102 countries):
Note: An asterisk* means that this country was absent in at least one vote.
Afghanistan*, Albania, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Benin*, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros*, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic , DRC, Denmark, Djibouti*, Dominica*, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Estonia, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Kiribati, Latvia, Lebanon*, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania*, Mauritius, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco* , Myanmar, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, North Macedonia, Norway, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda*, Saint Lucia, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe*, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands*, Somalia*, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Bahamas, Turkey, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Zambia*.
Countries having voted for or abstained in at least one resolution (47 countries):
Angola, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Bhutan, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Egypt, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau*, Guyana, Honduras, Indonesia, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lesotho, Madagascar , Malaysia, Maldives, Mexico, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, South Sudan, Suriname, Thailand, Gambia , Togo*, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu and Yemen.
Countries that voted to abstain in all resolutions (16 countries):
Armenia*, Cameroon*, El Salvador*, Equatorial Guinea*, Eswatini*, Guinea*, India, Mongolia, Mozambique, Namibia, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda.
Countries having voted against or abstained in at least one resolution (19 countries):
Algeria, Bolivia, Burundi, Central African Republic, Cuba, Eritrea, Ethiopia*, Iran*, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mali, Nicaragua, China, Republic of Congo, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan*, Vietnam, Zimbabwe.
Countries having voted against all resolutions (4 countries):
Belarus, North Korea, Russia, Syria.
Countries absent from all resolutions (4 countries):
Azerbaijan, Burkina Faso, Turkmenistan, Venezuela.
Gabon was the only country to vote for or against a resolution.
A detailed breakdown of each of the resolutions is presented below:
Emergency Session 1 – Demand that Russia withdraw its military forces from Ukraine
For: 141 | Against: 5 | Abstention: 35
As of March 2, 2022, 141 countries vote in favor of a UN resolution demanding that Russia “immediately, completely and unconditionally” withdraw its military forces from Ukraine. The resolution required a two-thirds majority of yes/no votes to pass.
China, India, Iran and South Africa were among the 35 countries that abstained, while only five – Belarus, Eritrea, North Korea, Syria and of course Russia – voted against. Twelve countries, including Venezuela, suspended for two years for non-payment of their dues to the UN, were absent from the vote.
Emergency session 2 – Humanitarian consequences of the aggression against Ukraine
For: 140 | Against: 5 | Abstention: 38
In a second resolution adopted on March 24, nearly three-quarters of the UNGA vote to demand access to aid and protection for civilians in Ukraine – and criticized Russia for creating a “disastrous” humanitarian situation.
The resolution, authored by Ukraine and its allies, received 140 votes in favor and five votes against from the same countries – Belarus, Eritrea, North Korea, Russia and Syria – while 38 countries abstained. Ten countries were absent from the vote.
Emergency Session 3 – Suspending Russia from the UN Human Rights Council
For: 93 | Against: 24 | Abstention: 58
On April 7, a US-sponsored resolution to suspend Russia from the UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC) passed with 93 votes in favor, 24 against, and 58 abstentions. The resolution required a two-thirds majority to pass, not counting abstentions.
The resolution came after the discovery of civilian bodies in the city of Boucha near Kyiv.
The Russian delegation announced that it had left the Human Rights Council earlier in the day in anticipation of the vote. The UNHRC is responsible for promoting and protecting human rights globally.
Emergency Session 4 – Territorial integrity of Ukraine, condemning Russia’s decision to annex parts of Ukraine
For: 143 | Against: 5 | Abstention: 35
At the end of September, Russia officially announcement the annexation of four partially occupied provinces in eastern and southern Ukraine. kyiv and its Western allies rejected the vote as meaningless and illegal.
On October 12, the UN General Assembly condemned Russia’s “attempted illegal annexation” of Ukraine’s four partially occupied regions and urged countries not to recognize the move. Three-quarters of the 193 members of the General Assembly – 143 countries – supported the resolution which also reaffirmed Ukraine’s sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity within its borders internationally recognized.
Four countries joined Russia in voting against the resolution: Belarus, Nicaragua, North Korea and Syria. Thirty-five other countries abstained from the vote, including China, India, Pakistan and South Africa. The others did not vote.
Country arming Ukraine
According to latest data According to the Kiel Institute for the World Economy, a German think tank, at least 32 countries have provided Ukraine with military assistance, including weapons, equipment or financial aid for the army.
Twenty-five of the 32 countries providing military assistance are part of NATO – the largest military alliance in the world with 30 member states. Notably missing from this list is Hungary, led by Prime Minister Viktor Orban, who has close relations with Russia.
Countries that have supplied Ukraine with weapons and military equipment include: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland , France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. , New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, South Korea, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States.
The above list does not include countries providing non-lethal aid or fuel. Some countries may also have kept their transfers secret.
Military aid sent to Ukraine includes conventional weapons as well as more advanced equipment and modern weapons.
Weapons include artillery, anti-aircraft weapons, anti-tank weapons, armored vehicles, reconnaissance and attack drones, helicopters, small arms, ammunition and body armor.
In January, the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany committed to sending modern main battle tanks to Ukraine. The United Kingdom has announced that it will deliver 14 of its Challenger 2 tanks, Germany agreed to send 88 Leopard tanks, and the United States said it would send dozens of its M1 Abrams to support the country’s war effort.
Analysts say the latest generation of main battle tanks are vital for Ukraine to punch holes in Russian defensive lines and retake territory that Moscow seized in the first weeks of the invasion.
NATO and its allies have also trained tens of thousands of Ukrainian troops, including special forces.
Countries providing aid to Ukraine
According to Kiel Institute40 countries committed at least 108 billion euros ($115 billion) in financial, humanitarian and military aid to Ukraine between January 24 and November 20, 2022.
With 47.8 billion euros ($51.2 billion) in commitments, the United States is Ukraine’s largest contributor, with at least 22.9 billion euros ($24.5 billion) dollars) intended for military commitments, 15.05 billion euros ($16.1 billion) in financial aid and 9.9 billion euros ($10.6 billion). ) in the field of humanitarian aid.
Humanitarian aid covers medical care, food and other items for civilians, while financial aid takes the form of grants, loans and guarantees.
European Union institutions, including the European Commission, the Council of the EU and the European Investment Bank, are the second largest contributors with 34.9 billion euros ($37.3 billion) pledged to the Ukraine, while the United Kingdom comes third with 7.1 billion euros ($7.6 billion).
Since November 20, the United States and other countries have promised additional military programs to Ukraine. The table below provides a detailed breakdown of each country’s engagement with Ukraine.
Countries sanctioning Russia
At least 46 countries or territories have imposed sanctions on Russia or pledged to adopt a combination of U.S. and European sanctions, according to Castellum.ai, a global sanctions tracking database. Since February 22, more than 11,327 sanctions have been imposed on Moscow, making Russia the most sanctioned country in the world.
Eighty percent of all sanctions target individuals while 18 percent target entities. The remaining sanctions target ships and aircraft.
The United States has imposed the highest number of sanctions on Russia, with 1,948, followed by Switzerland (1,782), Canada (1,590), the United Kingdom (1,429) and the EU (1 390).